The Spacetime Metric
STM-D-0389Paper2017Designed, not yet built

A hybrid craft using an inertial mass modification device

Salvatore Cezar Pais

Summary and citation · read the original at the source

In one page

Salvatore Pais presented this paper at the AIAA SPACE forum in September 2017, writing from Naval Air Systems Command, and its title names the whole programme: a hybrid craft — one machine for air, water and space — driven by a device that modifies its inertial mass. The conference paper itself sits behind the publisher’s paywall and no open copy exists in any repository, so this page reads the programme from the Navy patent Pais filed on the same craft, which is a government document in the public domain. His argument runs like this. Spin and vibrate an electrically charged surface hard enough, and the vacuum immediately outside it polarises. A polarised vacuum has negative pressure, which is repulsive gravity, so the craft’s inertia — its resistance to being accelerated — falls, and extreme speeds follow. Wrap the whole hull in that condition and the same craft flies, submerges and manoeuvres in orbit, enclosed in a plasma sheath that pushes air and water molecules out of its path.

Why it matters hereChapter 8 is inertial mass reduction and the transmedium craft, and this is the paper where the Navy’s own engineer takes both to a professional aerospace audience under a title that says exactly what the device is for. Chapter 7 reads the Pais filings as one programme, and this conference appearance is where that programme entered the open aerospace literature.

What it claims

  1. 01A hybrid craft — one vehicle for air, water and space — can be built around an inertial mass modification device. Pais presented the design under that title to the AIAA SPACE and Astronautics Forum on 12 September 2017, writing from Naval Air Systems Command.Title, venue and bibliographic record, AIAA 2017-5343

    Designed, not yet built
  2. 02It is possible to reduce the inertial mass, and hence the gravitational mass, of a system in motion by an abrupt perturbation of the non-linear background of local spacetime, equivalent to an accelerated excursion far from thermodynamic equilibrium. The physical mechanism is the negative pressure, and hence repulsive gravity, exhibited by the polarised local vacuum energy state — polarisation being achieved by coupling accelerated high-frequency vibration with accelerated high-frequency axial rotation of an electrically charged object.Companion Navy patent US10144532B2, Background

    Designed, not yet built
  3. 03The result is a hybrid aerospace and undersea craft which, because of the inertial mass reduction device, can function as a submersible capable of extreme underwater speeds through lack of water-skin friction and of enhanced stealth through non-linear scattering of radio-frequency and sonar signals, moving with great ease through the air, space and water media by being enclosed in a vacuum plasma bubble or sheath.Companion Navy patent US10144532B2, Description, the hybrid aerospace and undersea craft passage

    Designed, not yet built
  4. 04The design carries its own numbers. For a spinning charged disc of two-metre radius at 30,000 revolutions per minute with a surface charge density of 50,000 coulombs per square metre, the energy flux is of order 10²⁴ watts per square metre; coupling that rotation to vibration frequencies from 10⁹ to 10¹⁸ hertz raises it to the range 10²⁴ to 10²⁸; and in the accelerating-vibration mode a surface charge density of order unity at about 10¹¹ hertz reaches 10³³ watts per square metre, which is past the electric field of about 10¹⁸ volts per metre that Julian Schwinger gave for spontaneous pair production out of the vacuum.Companion Navy patent US10144532B2, Background, Equations 1 to 3

    Designed, not yet built
  5. 05The organising principle is Ilya Prigogine’s far-from-equilibrium thermodynamics: a chaotic system self-organises if it is non-linear, if it experiences an abrupt excursion far from thermodynamic equilibrium, and if it is subjected to an energy flux. An artificially generated high-energy, high-frequency electromagnetic field in accelerated vibration and rotation fulfils all three conditions at once when it interacts strongly with the local vacuum energy state.Companion Navy patent US10144532B2, Background, the Prigogine effect passage

    What to watch
  6. 06The same architecture is claimed to enable the Gertsenshtein effect — the production of high-frequency gravitational waves by high-frequency electromagnetic radiation — modifying the gravitational fields in close proximity to the craft and so producing its propulsion.Companion Navy patent US10144532B2, Background, the Gertsenshtein effect sentence

    What to watch

The way in

https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-5343WHAT THIS IS. A conference paper, not a patent: AIAA 2017-5343, presented at the AIAA SPACE and Astronautics Forum and Exposition on 12 September 2017, by Salvatore Cezar Pais, whose affiliation on the record is Naval Air Systems Command. A search of the United States patent record for a document of this title returns nothing, and the three granted or published Pais filings are titled differently; the library’s working note calling this a patent application is corrected here. TEXT. The paper is closed access. The publisher’s site refuses automated requests, and Unpaywall, OpenAlex, Semantic Scholar, CORE and fatcat all report no repository copy and no abstract anywhere, so this page carries no reproduced text and no quoted abstract. SOURCES FOR THE CLAIMS. The first claim is from the bibliographic record. The remaining claims are read from the contemporaneous United States Navy patent by the same author on the same craft — Craft using an inertial mass reduction device, US10144532B2, a United States government document in the public domain — and each of those locators names that patent rather than this paper. That patent has its own page on this site at /library/stm-4678f2e210, and Pais’s fusion device and superconductor filings are at /library/stm-99473476f3 and /library/stm-ac45e5fd5e.

How to cite it

Salvatore Cezar Pais (2017) A hybrid craft using an inertial mass modification device. doi:10.2514/6.2017-5343

Where it sits in the curriculum

Inertial mass reduction and transmedium craftThe Pais effectThe metric, warp drives and wormholesInertia and gravity from the vacuumGravity control and superconductors

Provenance: Retrieved 2026-09-08 · Summary by The Spacetime Metric editorial rail (AI draft from the source text, 2026-09-07)← The library