Historical research guide · 0072 · 2024
System and Method for Generating Forces Using Asymmetrical Electrostatic Pressure (continuation)
Andrew Neil Aurigema · Charles Raymond Buhler, IV
In one minute
Andrew Aurigema and Charles Buhler filed this continuation-in-part in September 2023 and the Patent Office published it in January 2024. It carries their earlier electrostatic-pressure invention forward and adds a second force to it. Redoing the derivation so that the derivative acts on the volume as well as on the surface, they arrive at a force in two parts: the familiar surface term, where unequal electrostatic pressures on an object’s faces fail to cancel, and a new volumetric term that appears whenever the electric field inside the gap has a divergence. They name the second one the DIV-E force, and the way to make it is to stack dielectrics of different permittivity between the electrodes so the field bends and pushes on every point of the material rather than on a face. The bench numbers from the parent patent return — about 237 micronewtons at 25 kilovolts from a nine-blade article — and the inventors report that changing the dielectric can reverse the direction of the force, which is what the theory says should happen.
Connection
Chapter 8 needs force without expelled mass, and this filing widens the mechanism: not only unequal pressure on the skin of an object, but a push distributed through the dielectric filling it. It also spends several pages on what the effect is not — not ion wind, not Coulomb pull on the chamber, not magnetic, not field momentum, not hidden momentum — which is the discipline chapter 1 asks of every claim on this site.
From the source
Carrying the spatial derivative through both the surface and the volume gives a force in two terms: a surface term, the electrostatic pressure force, which is non-zero when the electrostatic pressures on an object’s opposing faces are asymmetric, and a volumetric term, present whenever the electric field in the volume between the electrodes has a non-zero divergence.Detailed description, paragraphs 0186–0192, Equations 1 to 11
The divergence in E-field force, or DIV-E force, can be generated inside a sealed device by placing two or more dielectric materials of differing permittivity in the gap between the electrodes; it acts volumetrically at every point of the dielectric, and a non-conductive structure holding the dielectrics and the electrodes together transfers that force to the object.Paragraphs 0196–0197 and 0201–0203; FIGS. 30 and 31; claims 30–33
A nine-blade test article, quarter-inch blades four inches long potted in high-voltage epoxy and hung as a pendulum against a force meter, gave a net average force of about 237 micronewtons at +25 kilovolts; enlarging the ground electrode from 8 to 15 square inches was computed to raise the force by about 1.8 and measured 421 micronewtons, an increase of 1.77.Multi-blade test cases, paragraphs 0154–0157; FIGS. 21 to 23A
The presence of the DIV-E force was itself verified by testing: changing the dielectric material in the electric field lets the divergence of the field play a stronger role, in some cases producing the force in the opposite direction, consistent with the theory, and hundreds of further test articles were built to test both the electrostatic pressure force and the DIV-E force.Paragraph 0200
The inventors rule out the alternatives one by one: tests were run inside a grounded box lined with conductive film and inside a plastic bag to nullify ion wind, repeated in both tension and compression by flipping the article 180 degrees, and driven with direct current so that no magnetic component, no field momentum and no hidden momentum can explain the result.Differentiation from other theories of operation, paragraphs 0127–0134; paragraph 0155
Because most dielectrics have a strong frequency dependence, modulating the excitation frequency of the applied voltages changes the permittivities and therefore the forces on each electrode, so frequency itself becomes a steering control for thrusters oriented along different axes of a vehicle.Paragraph 0204
The way in
https://patents.google.com/patent/US20240011469A1/enHow to cite it
Andrew Neil Aurigema, Charles Raymond Buhler, IV (2024) System and Method for Generating Forces Using Asymmetrical Electrostatic Pressure (continuation) US20240011469A1