Historical research guide · 0802 · 2017
Oscillating Excess Power Gain and Magnetic Domains in NANOR -type CF/LANR Components
Mitchell R. Swartz
In one minute
Mitchell Swartz builds NANOR components — small sealed two-terminal units whose nanostructured zirconium-oxide core holds palladium and nickel preloaded with deuterium — and drives them with a high-voltage circuit to produce excess heat. This paper is about what happens when you magnetise one. The treatment is not a steady field but 3500 sharp pulses above two tesla, each rising in under a tenth of a millisecond, a second apart. Two things follow. The peak power gain jumps, by four to ten times what the same component gave before, reaching twenty-two to about eighty times the electrical input when measured against an ohmic control driven in the same apparatus. And the way the activity fades changes character. Untreated components decay exponentially, run after run, for months. Magnetised ones instead oscillate, cycling over hours. Swartz’s proposal is that magnetic domains raised in the palladium lattice are pushing on each other, and he derives their force density and natural frequency from the Maxwell stress tensor.
Connection
Chapter 12 is about persuading nuclei to react inside a loaded lattice rather than in a plasma, and Swartz has run the same sealed components longer than anyone. This paper hands that programme a control knob nobody had — a magnetic pulse train that raises the gain and changes the shape of its decay — which turns a slowly dying sample into one you can drive again. His impedance-spectroscopy paper, the method he uses to tell an active component from a spent one, is on this site at /library/stm-8f7f1088f8.
From the source
A single magnetisation sequence of 3500 rapidly repeating pulses of a magnetic field intensity above two tesla, each with a rise time under 0.1 ms and a one-second inter-pulse delay, increased the peak power gain of a preloaded NANOR-type component by about four to ten times over conventional lattice-assisted nuclear reaction operation in the same system.Section 2.2, Magnetization of NANOR-type components; Section 3.2.2
The peak power gain of such magnetically treated components ranged from 22 to up to about 80 times the input electrical power beyond the control, as determined by calorimetry against a precisely driven ohmic resistor at the same location in the same run.Section 3.2.2, Synchronous magnetically induced increased energy gain
The improvement is both synchronous, appearing while the field is being applied, and metachronous, appearing in separate runs made hours after a single application of the fractionated field with no further magnetic field present.Sections 3.2.2 and 3.2.3; Figures 3 and 4
After magnetisation the activity no longer falls off in the simple exponential way seen in all previous work, but becomes irregular with a periodic component in the range of about 1.3 times ten to the minus four hertz, spanning 0.2 to 5 times ten to the minus four hertz.Section 3.2.4, Magnetically induced activity has an oscillation of activity
Modelling two neighbouring magnetised domains with Newton’s equation and a spring constant, with the restoring force taken from Hooke’s law augmented by the Maxwell stress tensor integrated over the boundary between the domains, yields an oscillation amplitude and a natural frequency set by the spring constant divided by the density times the volume — offered as a first approximation to the observed cycle.Section 6, New Results, Equations 1 to 8
Palladium, like platinum, can satisfy the Stoner criterion and become exchange-enhanced ferromagnetic under tension, so the palladium lattice itself can carry remnant magnetic domains after treatment; those domains have now been observed and imaged, and the effect may be driven by lattice vacancies, which several theories of the reaction also require.Sections 4.2 and 4.3; Figure 5
The way in
https://doi.org/10.70923/001c.72421How to cite it
Mitchell R. Swartz (2017) Oscillating Excess Power Gain and Magnetic Domains in NANOR -type CF/LANR Components doi:10.70923/001c.72421