Deuteron Cluster Fusion and ASH
Akito Takahashi
Abstract and summary · read the original at the source
In one page
Akito Takahashi, at Osaka University, reviews a decade of his own theory of what happens when deuterium is packed into a metal lattice. The picture is this: at particular focal points inside palladium deuteride, three, four or eight deuterons briefly condense together with their electrons into a tiny symmetric cluster. The electrons in that cluster stop behaving as single particles — they pair up, and pairs of pairs couple again — and the screened potential each deuteron feels deepens enormously, from about 15 electronvolts of screening for an ordinary molecule to 2,460 electronvolts for a four-electron state and 21,000 for an eight-electron one, stronger than a muon. With the repulsion screened that thoroughly the deuterons no longer have to tunnel one pair at a time: several can interact at once. The predicted ash is what experimenters keep reporting — helium-4 tracking the heat, and neutrons about ten billion times rarer than the helium.
Why it matters hereChapter twelve is about changing the odds a nucleus faces by putting it inside a lattice rather than inside a plasma, and this is the screening side of that argument set out in full: a published mechanism for why the environment, not the temperature, does the work.
What it claims
01Treating the electrons around a transient deuteron cluster as quasi-particles — a Cooper-like pair, a quadruplet, an octet — gives effective screening energies of about minus 260 electronvolts, minus 2,460 electronvolts and minus 21 kilo-electronvolts, so the quadruplet screens as strongly as a muon and the octet more strongly still.Section 4.2, Table 4; Section 3.4
Published and peer-reviewed02The screening moves the classical turning point from about 20 picometres for a deuterium molecule to 0.5 picometres for the quadruplet state and 70 femtometres for the octet, raising the two-deuteron barrier factor from ten to the minus fiftieth power to about three times ten to the minus fourth.Section 3.4, Table 1
Published and peer-reviewed03Under those conditions multi-body channels win: four deuterons in the tetrahedral condensate fuse through an excited beryllium-8 at 47.6 mega-electronvolts into two helium-4 nuclei of 23.8 mega-electronvolts each, and the octahedral eight-deuteron channel emits 47.6 mega-electronvolt beryllium-8 directly.Section 3.5, reactions (3) and (4); Section 4.3, equation (4.6)
Published and peer-reviewed04Helium-4 is therefore the ash, and neutrons from the ordinary two-deuteron channel come out on the order of ten to the minus tenth of the helium production rate, which is the pattern reported in the electrolysis experiments where heat and helium appear together without countable neutrons.Section 4.3; Conclusions
Published and peer-reviewed05At a tetrahedral cluster density of about ten to the twenty-second per cubic centimetre the model gives 3 watts per cubic centimetre from four-deuteron fusion with only ten neutrons per second per cubic centimetre, and an octahedral density a million times lower still gives 78 watts per cubic centimetre.Section 4.3, Tables 5 and 6
Published and peer-reviewed06Beryllium-8 leaving at 47.6 mega-electronvolts clears the 30.1 mega-electronvolt Coulomb barrier of caesium-133, so the model predicts capture reactions that add eight to the mass and four to the charge — strontium-88 to molybdenum-96, caesium-133 to praseodymium-141 — which is the signature the Mitsubishi permeation experiments reported.Section 3.6, equation (3.33); Section 4.4
What to watch
Read it · abstract
Abstract
This is a review of our studies on theoretical model of deuteron cluster fusion in condensed matter. Considering a transient condensation process of deuteron-cluster in focal points of metal–deuteride lattice, electron screening effect was theorized by the Electronic Quasi-Particle Screening Theory (EQPET) model for a transient deuteron cluster associating attracted electrons. Multi-body resonance fusion of deuterons was proposed by modeling charged-pion exchange for strong interaction in very condensed deuteron cluster to lead to select the tetrahedral resonance fusion (TRF) of 4D and octahedral resonance fusion (ORF) of 8D as possible major reaction channels in extreme case. 4He is the final product of TRF and ORF. Tritium and 3He was suggested as minor products from 3D multi-body fusion. Visible but very small level production of neutron by D + D (2D) fusion was also concluded. Further extension of EQPET model is given to propose a dynamic Bose-type condensation process by orthogonally coupled two D2 molecules, which play a role of super screening of Coulomb barrier with quadruplet electronic quasi-particle to generate clean fusion product of 4He.
The way in
https://doi.org/10.70923/001c.72102Journal of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science 1 (2007) 62–85, the first issue of the journal. The article itself carries the line ‘© 2007 ISCMNS. All rights reserved.’ and no Creative Commons statement, so this page carries the summary, the claims and the author’s own abstract and sends the reader to the source; the publisher’s PDF is free to read at jcmns.org.
How to cite it
Akito Takahashi (2007) Deuteron Cluster Fusion and ASH. doi:10.70923/001c.72102
Where it sits in the curriculum